At times, the mucous membrane around the uvula may swell, causing the uvula to expand 3-5 times its normal size. When the uvula touches the throat, it can cause sensations like gagging or choking, even though there is no foreign matter present. This can cause problems breathing, talking, and eating.
There are many theories about what causes the uvula to swell, including: 1) dehydration (from arid weather and/or alcohol); 2) excessive smoking or other inhaled irratants; 3) snoring; 4) allergic reaction; or 5) a viral or bacterial infection.
Sucking ice or applying oral anesthetics may help alleviate the gagging reflex, but there is really no easy remedy. Because the swelling can be caused by dehydration, drinking plenty of water can help to alleviate it quicker. Also, some people respond well to antihistamines when the swelling is caused by an allergic reaction. Ibuprofen is sometimes taken as an anti-inflammatory, but it is not certain whether or not this is effective in uvular swelling.
A swollen uvula is normally not life-threatening and subsides in a short time, typically within a day. However, it can also be a sign of other problems. If the swelling does not subside at all within 8-12 hours, or if it is accompanied by a sore throat or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.